Thursday, January 23, 2020
Wembley Stadium pricing study Essay -- essays research papers
Ticket Pricing Strategy for the new Wembley Stadium 1     Introduction OBJECTIVE     To maximise profits from ticket sales at Wembley Stadium KEY ASSUMPTIONS     1. Wembley has a monopoly on certain types of match 2. Wembley is run by profit maximising managers selling tickets to utility maximising buyers STRATEGY     Set prices for seats as close to the willingness to pay as possible using price discrimination KEY CHOICES     What type of seating to sell and at what price? 2     Scope This strategy is limited to the following football matches: †¢Ã‚     England home matches – competitive and friendly †¢Ã‚     Major cup semi-finals and final †¢Ã‚     Lower league play-off finals Wembley has a monopoly on these matches due to Football Association (FA) policy2. Theory states that Wembley should charge as close to the willingness to pay of its customers as possible to maximise its profits1. The ability to do this depends on demand and the ability to price discriminate between market segments. 3     Absolute Demand Absolute demand for tickets will be high due to several factors: †¢Ã‚     Football is England’s national sport †¢Ã‚     Watching live matches is popular †¢Ã‚     Wembley Stadium is the ‘home of football’ with a long and distinguished history There is good evidence for assuming high demand: †¢Ã‚     The last three competitive England home games were sold-out2 †¢Ã‚     Attendance figures for club matches are consistently high3 †¢Ã‚     Recent cup finals at Cardiff Millennium Stadium were sold-out4 Actual demand varies between market segments but can be found from market research, e.g. membership schemes and studying events at similar grounds. 4     Market Segmentation The table below shows the range of customers that buy tickets for football matches. Elasticity of demand is shown for each category and explained below: Market Segments      Elasticity of Demand     Reason for Elasticity 1  &nbs... ...y for rugby union and league †¢Ã‚     Pop concerts – outdoor arenas are alternatives with similar capacity There are a wide range of substitutes available for these that affect willingness to pay. 11     Other Event-Related Income Stadiums contain much more than just an arena to watch sport including: †¢Ã‚     Refreshments and merchandise †¢Ã‚     Broadcasting rights †¢Ã‚     Advertising †¢Ã‚     Car parking †¢Ã‚     Other events, e.g. conferences Income for the above would be approximately proportional to the number of people in the stadium. 12     References 1.     Cabral, Luis. â€Å"Introduction to Industrial Organization†, MIT Press, 2000. 2.     www.thefa.com 3.     http://stats.football.co.uk/dom/ENG/PR/attend.html 4.     http://stats.football.co.uk/dom/ENG/trn/ENGFAC_F.html#F 5.     www.wembleystadium.com 6.     www.millenniumstadium.com
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Human Trafficking: The different risk factors Essay
Definition of Human Trafficking According to Jac-Kucharski (2012), â€Å"human trafficking is defined as the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjective to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery†(p.151). The risk factors that used in the research are, age in regards to traveling alone, poverty, unemployment and sexual abuse. Poverty Factors Human trafficking is a worldwide issue and one of the causes are poverty (Jac-Kucharski, 2012). According to the United States Census Bureau (USCB) (2013), poverty is defined â€Å"as a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who is in poverty†(p. 11). For instance, a family is considered to be in poverty if the total house income is less then their maximum income (USCB, 2013). Poverty makes people feel desperate and look for other means to gain money, and as a result they may get into bigger problems without knowing it. Jac-Kucharski (2012), research states that human traffickers take advantage of peoples’ economic situations and with lies take over their victims’ lives. Woman and men in poverty conditions are easy targets for human trafficking. Through the years, women have been seen as prey for human trafficking, particularly in sexual trafficking, and this problem is not just in the United States but around the wor ld (Hodge, 2008). The business of sexual trafficking continues to grow notably against the other forms of human trafficking: sexual trafficking makes up 79 percent of all human trafficking, and some of the cases result in bride-enslavement (Kim, 2010). It is well known that the majority of women who enroll in the international marriage agencies come from poor homes, and this is advertised in the agencies’ websites. This type of advertising allows American men to feel they are rescuing these powerless women, so they expect their brides to do everything they want them to do. These relationships turn into powerful dominant men and weak brides. The men believe that they can exploit and dominate their brides because they rescued them. The women experience domestic violence, rape, and emotional distress (Kim, 2010). Jones (2010) states that rarely people see or hear the media reporting on male human trafficking, but it takes place. Thus, the other group that also is targeted to human trafficking i s men. The male victims are poor and usually from other countries, but in some cases the men are Americans. For instance, one of these cases was homeless men in the state of Florida; they were forced to work in detrimental conditions and did not receive payment for their work. The men who are brought to the United States come with hope of prosperity, but once they get here they lose their freedom. Some are employed to work in restaurants, construction sites etc. But the majority of them are forced to work in farms. Furthermore, the human traffickers take their victims’ passport, money, and any other possessions making it difficult for them to leave (Jones, 2010). Unemployment Factors This paper will further explore unemployment as a risk factor for human trafficking and the reasons that unemployment makes human beings so vulnerable to being trafficked and taken against their will. This paper will also explain that there is a difference in human trafficking and human smuggling (Jac-Kucharski, 2012). An estimation in 2008 estimated that almost if not more than 800,000 humans were trafficked within the borders of the United States as well as across United States borders into other countries (Jac-Kucharski, 2012). The United States unemployment average was 5.8%, the highest average the country had ever seen up until that year. Since 2008, the unemployment rate on a month to month basis has not been lower than 6.7% (Bureau of Labor and Statistics, 2014). That is a lot of people to be unemployed and looking for work. Many human traffickers prey on people who are looking for a way to provide for their families. They promise a job and plenty of work for a person to do. Before the person can realize what is happening, they have been taken against their will to work in a factory for no pay, or they are being forced to commit sexual acts for no pay. This paper will explore reports made by survivors of human trafficking. Different people experienced different situations, but they all experienced one like factor: they were not able to leave or communicate with their family. They all also experienced the thought process of thinking they would die before they were released. This leads to the research being done on the traumatic experience of being victim of human trafficking, and the impact it has on the lives of people who survive (Cross, 2013). Traveling Alone Factors As the research continues about the different factors of human trafficking, traveling alone as a minor has become one of the concerns in human trafficking. There are different reasons why minors travel unaccompanied. In the research of (Derluyn, et al. 2010), states some of the reasons may consist of holiday traveling and traveling with migration motives. Traveling unaccompanied makes easy pray for the criminals of human trafficking. The average traveling age for unaccompanied by an adult, caregiver, parents or legal guardian is five through twelve years of age (Derluyn, et al., 2010). Approximate one-third of the children that travel under the age of 18 years old are traveling unaccompanied. When the minors are traveling alone without any guardian, makes them at risk for traffickers. The traffickers will see them as vulnerable and unprotected making it easier for the traffickers to allure the victims. The traffickers will try to allure the minors with false papers and obtaining acce ss into the country. The children not being knowledgeable and not guided by an adult protector they will believe the traffickers. The minors will be in fear of getting into trouble or not getting through into the country. Resulting in the trafficker making false promises and the victim becoming prey (Derluyn, et al., 2010). After the traffickers have allured the minors and they entered the country it is more often than none they disappear. The study of research by (Derluyn, et al., 2010) shows out of less than 2,000 minors traveling by themselves and flying into the London area, there were a fourth of the minors that stayed at a higher risk to encounter smugglers and traffickers. Following (Derluyn, et al.’s, 2010) a special team designed to assist in the lost minors found that out of 25 of the forth of the children ended up finding no single trace of them. Teenage girls that came from West Africa were the primary interest of the traffickers. Because these children were never found it is a strong possibility they became targets of mistreatment and cruelty (Derluyn, et al., 2010). With the small amount of research that has happened with the factor of children traveling alone there have been significant results to conclude it is safer for the minor to tour with an appropriate adult. Sexual Abuse Factors â€Å"Sexual abuse is defined as the involvement of a child younger than the age of consent by means of force, threat, cheat or deception in every kind of act resulting in the sexual satisfaction of a sexually adult person in the absence of consent and equality or conniving at its occurrence†(Bilginer & et. al,. 2013 p.56) There are several factors that put people at risk to become targets for those in the human trafficking trade, the risk factor discussed here is sexual abuse and how it can lead to prostitution and the sex trade side of human trafficking (A Review of the literature, n.d., para. 4.1 p.7). Sexual abuse affects females and influences their transition into prostitution and the sex trade. An introduction to sex at an early age is one of the ways that children can be led into prostitution as it skews their sense of self; the place sex has in their lives, and the role of the person who abused them. Children are introduced to sex through abuse at increasingly younge r ages anywhere from 13 to 15 years old or younger (Wilson & Windom, 2010). The girl’s age range is between 7 and 14 (Bilginer & et. al., 2013). This abuse can also lead the victims to act out utilizing other risky behaviors that put these children at even more risk such as doing poorly in school or juvenile criminal activity (Wilson & Windom, 2010). These females, who have no coping skills or life experience to deal with the abuse, especially when it comes from those they are supposed to be able to trust, end up either distancing themselves from sex, or using it to gain a false sense of intimacy. Such behaviors’ put them at risk as candidates for prostitution (Wilson & Windom, 2010). Second discussed is how sexual abuse affects males and how it influences their transition into prostitution and the sex trade. Many of the same factors stated for the females also apply to males. The boy’s age range for when abuse occurs is marginally higher, approximately between 9 and 12 year old (Bilginer & et. al., 2013). Boys who were abused are more also likely to become prostitutes and have high-risk sexual encounters that p ut them at risk; however they do not have the same dysfunctional issues that females deal with when it comes to their view of sex after abuse. Dysfunction in males arises more often in conjunction with neglect from their family not abuse alone (Aron, 2012). References Aaron, M. (2012). The pathways of problematic sexual behavior: A literature review of factors affecting adult sexual behavior in survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 19(3), 199-218. doi:10.1080/10720162.2012.690678 Bilginer, C., HesapcÄ ±oglu, S., & Kandil, S. (2013). Sexual abuse in childhood: A multi-dimentional look from the view point of victims and perpetrators. Journal of Psychiatry & Neurological Sciences, 26(1), 55-64. doi:10.5350/DAJPN2013260106 Bureau of Labor and Statistics. (2014, January 27). Labor force statistics from the current population survey. Retrieved from http://data.bls.gov/timeseries/LNS14000000 Cross, A. L. (2013). Slipping through the cracks: The dual victimization of human-trafficking survivors. McGeorge Law Review, 395-422. Derluyn, I., Lippens, V., Verachtert, T., Bruggeman, W., & Broekaert, E. (2010). Minors Travelling Alone: A Risk Group for Human Trafficking?. International Migration, 48(4), 164-185. doi:10.1111/j.146 8-2435.2009.00548.x Human trafficking into and within the United States: A review of the literature. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://aspe.hhs.gov/hsp/07/humantrafficking/litrev/index.pdf(American Psychological Assoc.) Hodge, D. (2008). Sexual trafficking in the United States: A domestic problem with transnational dimensions. Social Work, 53(2), 143-152. doi:10.1093/sw/53.2.143 Jac-Kucharski, A. (2012). The determinants of human trafficking: A US case study. International Migration, 50(6), 150-165. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2435.2012.00777.x Jones, S. (2010). The invisible man: The conscious neglect of men and boys in the war on human trafficking. Utah Law Review, 2010(4), 1143-1188. Retrieved from http://ehis.ebscohost.com.proxy194.nclive.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer KIM, J. (2010). Trafficked: Domestic violence, exploitation in marriage, and the foreign-bride industry. Virginia Journal of International Law, 51(2), 443-505. Retrieved from http://ehis.ebscohost.com.proxy194.nclive.org/eds/pdfv iewer/pdfviewer Merriam-Webster. (2012). An american dictionary of the english language. Springfield: Merriam-Webster, Inc. United States Census Bureau. (2013, February). Poverty. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/methods/definitions.html U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2007). Human trafficking into and within the United States: A review of the literature. Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. Wilson, H. W., & Widom, C. (2010). The role of youth problem behaviors in the path from child abuse and neglect to prostitution: A Prospective examination. Journal of Research on APA.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
Analysis Of The Movie Rain Man Essay - 1402 Words
Summary: In the film entitled Rain Man, a young, egocentric man by the name of Charlie Babbitt takes on the role of a struggling car salesman. While on his way to a small get away with his companion, Susanna, he receives a call that his father has passed away. During the time of the funeral, Charlie reviews his father’s will and learns that he was left a car and his father’s rose bushes. He also is informed that the amount of three million dollars was left to a man named Raymond. In hopes of receiving answers and some fortune, Charlie goes to the institute that Raymond remains in custody in and essentially kidnaps him. Soon Charlie finds out that Raymond is his brother and has high-functioning autism. Along the way on their road trip, Charlie learns how to handle the frustrating quirks of his brother’s disease and takes advantage of Raymond’s astonishing capabilities. Later in the film, Raymond’s caregivers request his return and challenge Charlie l egally. In the end, Raymond is sent back to Cincinnati, Ohio to remain his life in custody at Walbrook Mental Institution. The Disorder: Autism: In the movie, Raymond Babbitt has what is known as high-functioning autism. Autism is a disorder in which the person usually has great difficulty communicating verbally or nonverbally with other people. Some victims of autism refuse to or may not be able to speak at all (Ciccarelli White, 2014). This is not the case with Raymond. Although he has difficulties, Raymond communicates fairlyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the Movie Rain Man Essay1054 Words  | 5 PagesRain Man, character is a very caring individual that has a neurological condition, but it still actually very functioning with real emotions and feelings. People in the world of exceptionalities are still people, they just go through life by a different set of rules, which is a result of being different, they tend to focus on, a specific thing. but very caring individuals, capable of affection, just in their unique ways, by releasing this film it allowed people around theRead MoreFilm Analysis Of The Attivating Movie : Rain Man872 Words  | 4 PagesRain Man is a captivating movie as it starts out being about a self-centered guy named Charlie Babbitt selling expensive imported automobiles and trying to juggle his way out of a crisis in his Los Angeles business. We are not introduced to the person referenced in the title (â€Å"Rain Man†) until later on in the film when Charlie is informed that his father has died. Expecting at least a portion of his father’s $3 million estate, Charlie learns that all hes inherited is his dads prize roses and aRead MoreAnalysis Of Movie Rain Man By Barry Morrow And Ronald Bass1487 Words  | 6 Pages2010). Children diagnosed with this disorder eventually grow into adults who need similar care and attention they required earlier in life. The focus of this paper is the 1988 movie â€Å"Rain Man†, a story written by Barry Morrow and Ronald Bass, directed by Berry Levinson, cast played by Dustin Hoffman as Raymond Babbitt â€Å"Rain man†and Tom Cruse as brother, Charlie Babbitt. The National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Autism Spectrum Disorder Fact Sheet, 2015) state that autism â€Å"refersRead MoreAnalysis of Before the Rain Essay650 Words  | 3 PagesAnalysis of Before the Rain Before the Rain, filmed on location in the Republic of Macedonia and in London is a trilogy that focuses on the conflict between Muslims and Orthodox Christians in the Balkans. The three chapters of the trilogy are Words, Faces and Pictures. Director Milcho Manchevski states; Before the Rain, refers to the feeling of heavy expectation, when the skies are pregnant with the possibility of an outburst, when people areRead MoreRainman PPTX Final627 Words  | 3 PagesMovie Character Presentation RAIN MAN (1988) Overview of Presentation †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Brief background of Rain Man Functional Assessment of Raymond Analysis of Assessment Nursing Considerations Conclusion Background of Movie and Character †¢ Charlie Babbit: brother of Raymond who is autistic; a self centered young man who discovers the love for his brother throughout the film. †¢ Raymond: Autistic brother of Charlie who has a form of a mental calculator in his head letting him count many items at theRead MoreThe Adjustment Team By Philip K. Dick1028 Words  | 5 Pagesthe short story â€Å"The Adjustment Team†. The story was written by Philip K. Dick in 1966. The film’s described as an action thriller. It is about a man, who after seeing part of his future goes to great lengths to test his fate: in the hope of being with the woman he loves (The Official Site of The Adjustment Bureau). Matt Damon plays David Norris, a man with a promising political career. He has the potential to become the President of the United States. Emily Blunt plays Elise Sellas, a talented dancerRead MoreThe â€Å"Taxi Driver†Starring Robert Di Niro, Directed By1145 Words  | 5 Pagesworsens throughout the movie. Therefore, this essay will focus on a psychological analysis of Travis’ personality with the help of the Big Five Personality Factor Model along with the conflicts he encounters in the film. Travis’ narration and the use first point of view throughout the movie allows the audience into the thoughts and emotions of the main character. The other characters simply just interact with him and influence his emotions or actions carried out throughout the movie. Personality wiseRead MoreBlack Characters Of Disney Animated Films From Dumbo ( To The Princess And The Frog ( 2009 )846 Words  | 4 PagesHowever, scholars would disagree as Disney has been under heat for having racist elements in their movies. One film in particular that has received the attention of many scholars is Dumbo. One Scholar, Sheri Joffe wrote A Critical and Contextual Analysis of the Changes in African-American Character Representation in Disney Animated Films from Dumbo (1941) to The Princess and the Frog (2009), discusses how Disney portrayed blacks. The main topic of the thesis was on how in both films, black charactersRead More Analysis of The Last Castle Essay985 Words  | 4 PagesAnaly sis of The Last Castle In the film, The Last Castle, I found many aspects and theories that involve organizational communication throughout the movie. The film is about a US prison where the prisoners have formally served in the military and have committed crimes while serving their time. The movie shows how the prisoners come together when a former well-respected general is sent there to overpower the man that runs the facility. The first theory and probably the most noted theoryRead More A Clockwork Orange Essay: A Movie Analysis1704 Words  | 7 PagesA Clockwork Orange A Movie Analysis    In 1962, Anthony Burgess novel A Clockwork Orange was published for the first time. This novel was an anti-utopian fable about the near future, where teenage gangs habitually terrorize the inhabitants of a shabby metropolis. The novel deals with the main focus that man is a sinner but not sufficiently a sinner to deserve the calamities that are heaped upon him. It is a comic novel about a mans tragic lot. (Bergonzi 152).      In 1971, Stanley
Sunday, December 29, 2019
English View Of Native Americans During Early Nineteenth...
English view of Native Americans in early seventeenth-century According to the English, Native Americans in early seventeenth century Virginia left an imprint on the New England earth. They traditionally settled near water and in small groups, and not in a larger population. They also made little benefit of their land, being never fertile. The English settlers were very taken at the fact they didn’t use the land to the best it could be used. They were tall, brown and proportionate appearance. Also the men were fewer than the women and children. The English felt the Indians had the right to use the land, but letting them have ownership of the land and having it all to themselves was not an accepted English view. The English view also had many limitations to what the natives really were like. English settlers, led by Captain John Smith, first landed on Cape Henry, Virginia but after the Native Americans living in that area attacked the colonists, they retreated and continued on to Jamestown. Upon landing, the settlers immediately began to explore the area, travelling the James, York, Rappahannock, and Potomac Rivers. Throughout the course of this exploration, they encountered many diverse Native American tribes. The tribes with which they had the most contact, however, were the Powhatan. In this account, Smith describes being captured near the headwaters of the Chikahominy River by warriors loyal to Powhatan’s brother Opechancanough. He states that these warriorsShow MoreRelatedEnglish Language Learners : Bilingual Education1694 Words  | 7 PagesDuring the nineteenth and early twentieth century there was no set way of how to teach an English-language learner. Some schools practiced bilingual education. Other schools placed immigrant children in English-la nguage learner programs to prepare them for the English-only classroom. Other schools segregated schools specifically for the immigrants aimed at teaching them the language. Some schools just placed immigrant children in English-only classrooms and hoped they would learn. Even though schoolsRead MoreAnalysis Of A Wonderfulle Hystorie Of Ye Rennownned Princesse 1333 Words  | 6 Pagesrevisited and revived over the years. In the nineteenth century, for instance, a burlesque was a type of show that parodied popular performers, plays, literature, and whatnot in a comically exaggerated way. Consider today’s modern version: Saturday Night Live. In that day, one of the most popular topics of culture was the Native American culture, due to the considerable conflict ensuing between the Natives and the American settlers pushing west. Americans both feared the so-called savages and wereRead MoreThe Changes in Objectives of the Mount Pleasant Center1297 Words  | 5 Pageswith th e intention of assimilate Native Americans into the predominant European American culture with education as a secondary goal. The Methodist Episcopal Church was another big part of boarding schools as they were contracted with the Federal Government until the late 1880s to assimilate Native children to white culture. The assimilation of Native Americans had begun in the late nineteenth century with the idea of stamping out the culture of the Native Americans. At this point, small parcels ofRead MoreThe Journal Of Major John Norton Of 18161406 Words  | 6 Pagesheritage through centuries; however, my paternal side kept oral records of our heritage, so much of it was lost through the generations. Determined to find the lost information, my father and I took it upon ourselves to create our own genealogy report and dug through different documents to back trace our ancestry. It was then we discovered Thomas Glass, a Native American also known as Tagwadihi (Catawbakiller) or Chief Gl ass of the Chickamauga tribe in the early nineteenth century. Desperate to knowRead MoreThe Legal System Of Colonial Virginia1645 Words  | 7 Pagesgarnered considerable debate within early-American historiography. At the center of this discussion is the question of when colonial authorities first introduced English common law, and to what extent justices followed it prior to 1660. Beginning in the early twentieth century, and in each generation thereafter, this examination started anew as archival research uncovered new documents pertaining to Virginia’s early legal system. For the majority of the twentieth century, historians consistently structuredRead MoreThe Legal System Of Colonial Virginia1450 Words  | 6 Pagesconsiderable debate within early-American historiography. At the center of this discussion is the question of when colonial authorities first introduced English common law, and to what extent justices followed it prior to 1660. The relatively limited amo unt of surviving primary sources has maintained this debate. Beginning in the early twentieth century, and in each generation thereafter, this examination started anew as archival research uncovered new documents pertaining to Virginia’s early legal system. ForRead MoreChanges in the Land Essay1072 Words  | 5 PagesCarson HIST 2055 11 Feb 2015 Changes in the Land Essay In William Cronon’s book Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England, he discuses the ecological history of New England from the late sixteenth century to the early nineteenth century. He demonstrates how the New Englanders changed the land by illustrating the process of the change in the landscape and the environment. In the Preface Cronon states, â€Å"My thesis is simple: the shift from Indian to European dominanceRead MoreThe Effects Of New Plants, Animals, And Technologies Altered The Natural ( Physical ) Environment Of North America1306 Words  | 6 Pages(physical) environment of North America. Think Columbian Exchange. The introduction of new plants, animals and technologies had great impact on North America’s environment. For example, horses were amongst the many animals introduced, as a result, the native people were able to travel longer distances in a shorter period of time, and hunt more effectively. Other animals that were introduced include pigs, cattle, and accidentally, the black rat. Alongside the black rat came the Bubonic Plague. The BubonicRead MoreIrish Immigration in America Essay1737 Words  | 7 Pages### ### American Military University Journey to America Story of the Irish in Antebellum America HS101 - US History to 1877 William J. McMonigle - 3055083 Friday, October 28, 2005 When many think of the times of immigration, they tend to recall the Irish Immigration and with it comes the potato famine of the 1840s however, they forget that immigrants from the Emerald Isle also poured into America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The assimilationRead MoreThe Influx Of International Migrants1687 Words  | 7 Pagesprejudice and xenophobia. The increase of immigrants also resulted in the worsening of life for African Americans. Ultimately, the large populations of immigrants caused cultural pluralism to take place in which ethnic differences were embraced rather than suppressed. During the early 1800s, there was a rapid increase of international migrants that would continue well into the end of the nineteenth century. Most of the immigrants came to North, settling in farms and cities, rather than the south as their
Saturday, December 21, 2019
Why Obesity Has Its Roots - 1493 Words
For years, during the progression of human history, many areas of the populated world have lived â€Å"one bad harvest†away from mass famine and death. Even in times of prosperity previous to the rapid rise in obesity in this country, the populace still consumed nourishment at reasonable rates. But a major contributing point actually lowers the credibility of the argument that obesity has its roots in the economical aspect, food is cheaper and in more abundance that in the past thanks to global trade markets and greater competition within those markets. The reasoning behind the belief that the lower economic classes have limited access to more nutritious foods is becoming more baseless. Here lies an irrational logic behind the economic reasoning of why such a high percentage of the Tennessee population is overweight or obese. The belief that quality of food substances and their ingredients vary based on where they are purchased is almost irrelevant to the argument. A tomato p urchased at lower priced retail establishment has the same calorie count as one purchased in high-end food outlet and the same logic applies to other items of similar nature as well. Statistically, the argument for obesity rates being higher in those who have lower incomes can be seen as rationale since nationwide, one-third of those who earn lean that $15,000 a year are considered obese in comparison to only one-quarter of those that make over $50,000 a year are obese. But the same rationality for theShow MoreRelatedAfrican Americans And The African American Population Essay960 Words  | 4 PagesAfrican American boys 2-11 were when compared with White boys. In looking at the statistics the African American population continues to suffer through obesity because of the limited access provided as well as other barriers such as poor diet and physical education. African American is consistently one of the top ethnicity suffering obesity. Although in the African American culture they continuously keep food as their revolving globe. Food connects the African American population together sociallyRead MoreThe Problem of Obesity in Chicago743 Words  | 3 PagesGaps in Health Insurance Reviews two to three news articles Determines a local community health care issue Paper answers following questions: o How long has it been a problem? o How has it affected the community? o How has the community responded? Pediatric obesity seems to be one of the key problems found in communities in Chicago according to a Mount Sinai Hospital Medical Center of Chicago study that sampled six communities in Chicago over the space of more than two years (January 2002 throughRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Essay1182 Words  | 5 Pages Obesity rates are soaring throughout North America (What Is Obesity?, 2013). With obesity reaching almost epidemic proportions in the United States, and the threat of a global epidemic, we must watch this alarming increase carefully ( Health Risks of Obesity, 2013). Obesity is defined as: †¦an excess of adipose tissue†¦ (A Report of the Surgeon General, 2014). The two most common measures of obesity are Body Mass Index (BMI is a ratio of weight to height) and relative weight index, such asRead MoreEffects Of Antibiotics On Child Obesity971 Words  | 4 PagesHave you ever watched the news and saw a report on the proclaimed drop in child obesity and then went out and noticed that there are thousands of children who are over weight? Then sat there and thought to yourself, how could this be happening to our youth and why? Well, recently this year alone there has been multiple studies conducted to try and figure out why our youth are suffering from being over weight. Accor ding to multiple, news, articles, and studies, there are many factors that are contributingRead MoreHow Junk Food Could End Obesity1569 Words  | 7 PagesIt’s no secret, Americans love their processed, energy-rich foods. And undeniably, this love affair has led to an obesity epidemic. In spite of the evidence against processed food, however, there are some who believe the problem may hold the key to the solution. David Freedman, author of â€Å"How Junk Food Could End Obesity,†criticizes Michael Pollan for his argument in support of unprocessed, local foods due its impracticality. Freedman’s criticism is based on the idea that â€Å"It makes a lot more senseRead MoreFat Tax for Australia: Obesity Epidemic1723 Words  | 7 Pages Fat Tax for Australia Introduction There is what has been referred to as obesity epidemic in Australia today. This trend affects everyone it the society; whether it be directly or indirectly. One particular concern within the at risk segment is children. The young in our society do not have the capacity, either mentally or the physical resources, to make their own informed decisions about their dietary consumption. Children are generally dependent upon their parents or institutions toRead MoreResearch Paper On Why Obesity Is Considered A Disease857 Words  | 4 PagesObesity has nearly tripled worldwide since 1975. A 2016 study shows that more than 1.9 billion adults, over the age of 18, were overweight and over 650 million of them were obese (â€Å"Obesity and Overweight†). And 41 million children, age 5 and under, were overweight/obese in 2016. Obesity does in fact meet the definition of a disease, but many people may argue that it’s only a â€Å"side effect.†In this essay I will argue why obesity is considered a disease. Obesity meets the requirements of being aRead MoreChildhood Obesity: A Growing Problem in Our Society Essay1122 Words  | 5 Pagesindividual’s chances of a healthy lifestyle later in life. In order to prevent the obesity epidemic in our country, the major causes and root problems of obesity must be explored and abolished. Obviously, overeating and a lacking of physical activity both contribute immensely to obesity. The one most unaware to the public eye is the overwhelming availability of cheap food and how that affects social classes. Childhood obesity, an issue slowly swallowing the United States, becomes more pronounced everyRead MoreThe Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Essay1285 Words  | 6 PagesAssistance Program (SNAP) has become an immense support for food insecurity, particularly in low-income families in our country. The SNAP program has been initiated to reduce hunger during economic crisis and has become crucial in helping its participants to meet their dietary needs (Blumenthal, 2012 pg.50). However, there is a main concern is that SNAP participants are also at risk for developing obesity and other chronic disease. The SNAP program finds that the obesity epidemic is associated withRead MoreEssay on Executive Summary985 Words  | 4 PagesExecutive Summary It is a well-known fact that obesity continues to burden the healthcare industry. According to the reports made by Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2012), medical costs associated with obesity were estimated at $147 billion in 2008. Presently in the United States, two-thirds of adult population and approximately one in three children are fighting issue of being overweight or obese (Troy, Capretta, O’Grady, 2012). Obesity leads to chronic health diseases such as diabetes
Friday, December 13, 2019
Political Poetry by Margaret Atwood Free Essays
â€Å"Backdrop addresses cowboy†by Margaret Atwood Creating a masterful poetic movement through the American mythos, Atwood skewers â€Å"manifest destiny†by embodying the voice of the Other, the discarded â€Å"I am. †Writing political poetry that artfully confronts dominant ideology – thus exposing the motivation and effects of misrepresentation – is a difficult challenge. The process can easily be derailed by temptations to write strident, overly didactic verse that elevates sentiment above nuance and craft. We will write a custom essay sample on Political Poetry by Margaret Atwood or any similar topic only for you Order Now While passion is certainly important, it is the poem itself that transforms political intent into a dynamic act of oppositional literature. To be effective as a statement, it must first be effective as a poem. In â€Å"Backdrop addresses cowboy,†Margaret Atwood delivers a scathing indictment of imperialist power that, through its elegant craft and conceptual framework, is also a breathtakingly vibrant poem. The core message, a potent denunciation of reckless power from the perspective of those who suffer its consequences, is simultaneously unequivocal and oblique. Though Atwood’s indictment is readily apparent, close reading reveals a brilliant poetic foundation comprised of nuanced language, double-meanings, and a metaphorical structure that satirically lambasts American exceptionalism by skewering the individualist ‘cowboy’ myth with imagery from its own construction. In short, Atwood’s poem succeeds as a political statement because she allows the demands of exceptional poetry to drive its articulation. From the outset, Atwood chooses language that economically expands the meaning of each phrase. For example, â€Å"Starspangled,†the poem’s first word, focuses a personification of ‘cowboy mentality’ into a subtle critique of nationalist manipulation. In addition, other connotations come to mind, like â€Å"starry-eyed,†or the gaudiness of â€Å"spangles. †Even elements internal to the American anthem apply: bombs bursting, a nation under siege, victory against all odds. Though speculative, a reading like this is supported by the poem’s representation of a cowboy who violently protects his own interests in an imagined landscape filled with heroes and villains. Regarded as a heroic figure by the myth of manifest destiny, he is conversely seen as a reckless tyrant by those who suffer the effects of his violence. The first stanza reveals a comic figure – â€Å"Starspangled cowboy†sauntering through his child-like fantasy while pulling a prop from the Hollywood simulacrum that supports his myth. Atwood complicates this image in the second stanza when she introduces violence to her â€Å"almost- /silly†characterization of the mythical â€Å"West. Using a line break to accentuate the transition, she plays the impact of a stand-alone line against the expanded meaning of its grammatical context. Isolated, line six (â€Å"you are innocent as a bathtub†) relates directly to the opening stanza’s child-like caricature, forming an aphoristic trope that is both interesting and oddly mundane. Accentuated by the break, the line’s reading adds dramatic nuance when its sentence unfolds into a broader meaning: â⠂¬Å"you are innocent as a bathtub / filled with bullets. Contrasting the ironic character of opposed readings (innocent and not-at-all-innocent) within the space of shared words, Atwood foreshadows an overall conceptual structure in which â€Å"backdrop†refers both to the simulacrum of Hollywood sets and to the genuine environment of a beleaguered world. Despite its obvious quantitative reference, â€Å"bathtub / filled with bullets†also infers a Hollywood cliche – the bullet-riddled bathtub – that reinforces a theme inherent to the myth: if you’re not ready to fight, they’ll get you when you’re vulnerable. An inference like this reflects back on the subtle statement of the earlier use of â€Å"starspangled†: a nation that imagines itself as besieged can use that camouflage as justification for militarism and imperialist expansion. Again, supported by the poem, these significations demonstrate a complicated structure that works internal logic to frame an effective (and damning) political statement. Oppositions and Conceptual Structure This is a poem about power and disenfranchisement. It employs oppositions as a conceptual device to turn manifest destiny on its head. Exploding the cowboy myth by use of its own imagery and overarching theme of heroes and villains, Atwood draws complex parallels to American exceptionalism, a black and white ideology that drains color from alternative perspectives. By use of satire, she effectively removes the shroud that justifies questionable actions as being both inevitable and heroic. As stated in the title, the voice of this poem is that of â€Å"backdrop†(i. . the environment of scenes portrayed by the myth and recontextualized by the poem) addressing â€Å"cowboy. †The expanding focus on â€Å"cowboy†and his violent milieu reaches a pivot in the fifth stanza when the Hollywood backdrop is fully exposed, and the speaker finally reveals herself. Using the word â€Å"ought†(implying mandatory obligation), she questions her expected role on the set (passive, â€Å"hands clasped / in admiration†) while asserting, â€Å"I am elsewhere. Spoken as â€Å"backdrop,†and expanded in the final stanzas, this statement implies a conceptual flip wherein â€Å"backdrop†becomes subject, inhabiting an environment desecrated by the reckless actions of a transient â€Å"cowboy†. Simulacra In the essay â€Å"Simulacra and Simulation,†philosopher Jean Baudrillard states, â€Å"The simulacrum is never that which conceals the truth–it is the truth which conceals that there is none. The simulacrum is true. †While Baudrillard perhaps overstates his case, the point is clear: actions instigated and justified by myth play an undeniable role in shaping both material and social reality. Applying this concept to Atwood’s poem, manifest destiny can be seen acting as ‘truth’ in its own regard – concealing no truth, because instead it has replaced truth with artifice. Accordingly, â€Å"cowboy†becomes backdrop to the postmodern world from which Atwood addresses the genuine existence of other, more substantial truths conveniently denied by myth. The Alternative Power of Effective Verse As representation itself, replete with borrowed imagery and the detritus of experienced consequence, this poem enacts a self-reflexive reversal of the social forces it speaks against. With a vocabulary full of bullets, Atwood crafts a poem that stands the test of both ‘truth’ and time – yet does so peacefully, through an act of oppositional literature. Whether her poem is construed as feminist, environmentalist, post-colonial, or just-plain-political (from a Canadian perspective), its verity is affirmed by continued relevance. Written in the mid-seventies, it speaks just as powerfully in our current era. In terms of effective poetics, how good is that? How to cite Political Poetry by Margaret Atwood, Essay examples
Thursday, December 5, 2019
Political Entity Like A Country Or State - Myassignmenthelp.Com
Question: Explain On Political Entity Like A Country Or State? Answer: Introduction A leader may be defined as a person who supervises and guides others within a community, an organisation, or a political entity like a country or state. The attitude of leadership is incepted with the innate desire and determination to inspire and mentor others towards a common goal. Life presents many chances to buckle up and take charge of the matter at hand, or similarly, to recede into the background. A comprehensive idea of leadership and its myriad aspects is a requisite for anyone wishing to take life by the scruff of the neck and succeed in his field of work or business. This essay aims at observing and analyzing some of the qualities of leadership that aspiring persons might find necessary to develop. Discussion The term leadership cannot be bound to suggest people holding immense power. Anyone who inspires and drives his colleagues or companions forward qualifies as a leader. Hence, the head-man of a group of colliers or a chieftain of a tribal community is as much a leader as were Mahatma Gandhi and Winston Churchill. This essay is however concerned more on the various theories and models of leadership, in correlation to the modern world of MNCs and business tycoons. Trait Theory Trait theories of leadership suggest that successful leaders have particular traits or aspects that segregate them from their subordinated and from poor leaders. Up to the Second World War, phrases like his purpose in life is only to become a leader or she is a naturally-born leader were prevalent in the society (Northouse, 2015). It was believed that individuals could be suitable for leadership if they displayed any of the following traits, and that such traits could be taught (Furnham, 2005). Furnham contends that good leaders generally have traits like perseverance, innovation, and the ability to bear the entire weight of their actions. Yuki marks some features of good leaders like a high stress-tolerance, self-confidence, emotional maturity, motivation and personal integrity (Yuki, 2013). Zaccaro defines trait leadership as combined patterns of personal traits that portray a series of individual differences and build up steady leader effectiveness across an array of organisational and institutional stages. He proposes that leadership traits can be classified into two major categories- demographic vs. task competence vs. interpersonal; and, distal against proximal characteristics (Zaccaro, 2007). Task Competence versus Demographic versus Interpersonal Considering demography, gender is most focused on regarding leadership; however most scholars regard male and female leaders as equally capable. Task competence deals with how different individuals with varying aptitudes go about the planning and execution of tasks (Bass Bass, 2008). Interpersonal attributes analyses how one handles social interactions, in correlation to traits like extroversion and agreeableness. Distal vs. Proximal In recent years, scholars have subverted from considering only distal, i.e. trait-like characters of leaders to the proximal, i.e. malleable or state-like differences in expertise and knowledge. This helps address the question of whether the quality of leadership is inherited or acquired. Proximal contrasts reveal that the qualities and traits of effective and non-effective leaders are not impervious to time; insinuating that they can be imbibed and developed over the curse of ones life and career. It is observed that proximal differences of personal and social aptitudes like problem-solving, management, oral and written communication, and decision-making can strongly be correlated with leadership efficiency (Hoffman et al., 2011). Tri-leadership Model Zaccaro even designed a model called the tri-leadership model to better explain leadership traits and their effect on leader-performance. The model is based on two main premises- the first, considering leadership as a combination of multiple traits instead of independent analysis of traits; the second, contending that leadership-traits vary in their proximal effect of leadership (Zaccaro, 2007). Another successful model emergent from leadership literature and theories is the Integrated Model of Leader Traits, Behaviors, and Effectiveness; which fuses behaviour and traits in examining the relationship between aspects of leadership and their efficiency (Derue et al., 2011). Transactional and Transformational Leadership Yet another way to classify the qualities of leadership is to segregate the term based on transactional and transformational leaders. Transactional leadership may be explained as a contractual agreement between the supervisor and a worker where the former attains his goal by granting some kind of bonus or incentive desirable to the employee (Furnham, 2005). This form seems little concerned with personal qualities of the leader and instead, seeks to design structures and systems to enable the sharing of resources and information. It is however necessary as some steps need to be taken without the subordinates debating or objecting to plans (Bryman et al., 2011). Transformational leadership has evolved from the rudiments of transactional leadership; it has four added featurescharisma and a positive influence implying that the leader is respected and looked up to, intellectual enhancement, motivation, and cognizance of the individual differences of workers (McKenna, 2006). Subordinates, if loved and respected back by their leader, are bound to boost up their performance and productivity which aid competitive stance of the company. Hence, old conservative ideas about how a leader should boss around and exploit his workers need to give way to innovative ideas like transformational leadership. Charismatic Leaders As already stated, one of the principal requisites for transformational leadership is charisma; some leaders by virtue of their appeal and characteristic magnetism, are referred to as charismatic leaders. Charisma, the ability to influence followers to the extent of considering the collective goal as their personal aspiration, is one key feature that connects great leaders through the course of history; ranging from Julius Caesar, Prophet Mohammed, George Washington, Mao Zedong to Nelson Mandela. All of them had the intrinsic ability to motivate and inspire their followers to achieve unimaginable results. J. Choi defines charismatic leadership as the possession of three principal qualitiesforesight and planning, creative thinking, and empathy towards colleagues and their empowerment (Choi, 2006). Additional traits include positive energy, self-consciousness, and openness to new ideas, as proposed by McKenna (McKenna, 2006). Real-life Instances To put all this theory into a real-life perspective, mention can be made of some of the most successful leaders of the modern age, where quantitative and financial factors overbear aspects like aesthetics and humanity. Howard Schultz, for instance, was born into a Jewish family of limited means in 1953 in New York. Starting out as a salesman for Xerox Corporation, he worked his way up the corporate order by virtue of his visionary and leadership skills. His efforts culminated in his appointment as the CEO of Starbucks, one of the leading cafe-chains in the world. A leader in the truest sense of the term, Schultz is the primary force behind a $ 3 billion fortune for Starbucks and the creation of more than 300,000 jobs across the world. The essence of transformational and charismatic is palpable in one of his interviews by CNBC, where he says -- "If you dream small dreams, you may succeed in building something small. For many people, that is enough. But if you want to achieve widesprea d impact and lasting value, be bold." (Clifford, 2017). Another fitting example would be Steve Jobs, the late co-founder and CEO of Apple, who started out by selling computer peripherals from a garage-store in Los Angeles. Although his means were limited, his vision and dreams were of stellar proportions. Along with the inherent determination to realize his goals, Jobs can be considered as the very epitome as a successful leadership skills. Today, Apple is the largest company of information technology in the world by revenue; and the second-largest manufacturer of mobile phones in the global market, after Samsung. In 2015, Apple became the first American company to have a net worth $700 billion. Up to October 2016, the company has created 116,000 full-time jobs; and maintains 498 retail stores in twenty two countries across the world, till July 2017. Critical Opinion However, in the real world, there lies a vast chasm between aspiration and achievement; between theory and practice; and between planning and execution. Such sophisticated and futuristic theories and models of leadership management are not without their shortcomings as well. Trait leadership has often been dubbed as too simplistic and futile to survive the tests of the competitive world of trade and commerce (Chemers, 2014). Scholars have suggested that this form of leadership deals mainly with how leader efficiency is interpreted by subordinates and, rather than focusing on the leaders actual proficiency in his field of work (Colbert et al., 2012; Judge et al., 2008). Conclusion Taking full note of the hurdles in the way in relation to the positive factors of trait leadership, scholars have proposed a number of implementation strategies with respect to human resource development within organisations. Qualities like conscientiousness, extroversion, and agreeableness are more likely to create better and efficient leaders (Judge et al., 2008). Narcissism, on the contrary, is a character trait that needs to be explored by HR executives with respect to finding its useful and detrimental effect on creating leaders. Leadership development programmes by HR executives can also incept and foster the qualities of leadership among both officers and employees in an organisation. Only by creating a consummate understanding of leadership and its multiple aspects, can an organisation or institution strive to find an able leader, suited to propel them in the right direction. The same is applicable in the subjective scenario, where an individual feels motivated and determined to grow and mature into a successful leader- one that focuses more than creating jobs and new opportunities rather than mere money-making. References Bass, B. M. Bass, R. (2008). The Bass handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications (4th ed.). New York: Free Press. Bryman,A., Collinson, D., Grint, K., Jackson, B. and Uhl-Bien, M. (2011). The Sage Handbook of Leadership. London: Sage. Chemers, M. (2014).An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Choi, J. (2006). A motivational theory of charismatic leadership: Envisioning, empathy, and empowerment.Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies,13(1), 24-43. Clifford, C. (2017).Cnbc.Com. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/2016/12/02/13-inspiring-quotes-on-leadership-and-success-from-starbucks-ceo-howard-schultz.html Colbert, A. E., Judge, T. A., Choi, D., Wang, G. (2012). Assessing the trait theory of leadership using self and observer ratings of personality: The mediating role of contributions to group success.The Leadership Quarterly,23(4), 670-685. Derue, D. S., Nahrgang, J. D., Wellman, N. E. D., Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and behavioral theories of leadership: An integration and meta?analytic test of their relative validity.Personnel psychology,64(1), 7-52. Furnham, A. (2005).The psychology of behaviour at work: The individual in the organization. Psychology Press. Hoffman, B. J., Woehr, D. J., Maldagen?Youngjohn, R., Lyons, B. D. (2011). Great man or great myth? A quantitative review of the relationship between individual differences and leader effectiveness.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,84(2), 347-381. Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Ilies, R., Gerhardt, M. W. (2008). Personality and leadership: a qualitative and quantitative review.Journal of applied psychology,87(4), 765. McKenna, E. (2006) Business Psychology and Organisational Behaviour, 4thedition New York: Psychology Press. Northouse, P. G. (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in Organizations (8thedition). London: Pearson Education Zaccaro, S. J. (2007). Trait-based perspectives of leadership.American Psychologist,62(1), 6.
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